Everything about The Bulk Modulus totally explained
The
bulk modulus (
K) of a substance measures the substance's resistance to uniform compression. It is defined as the
pressure increase needed to effect a given relative decrease in
volume.
As an example, suppose an iron cannon ball with bulk modulus 160 GPa (
gigapascal) is to be reduced in volume by 0.5%. This requires a pressure increase of 0.005×160 GPa = 0.8 GPa. If the cannon ball is subjected to a pressure increase of only 100
MPa, it'll decrease in volume by a factor of 100 MPa/160 GPa = 0.000625, or 0.0625%.
The bulk modulus
K can be formally defined by the equation:
»
Solids can also sustain
transverse waves, for these one additional
elastic modulus, for example the
shear modulus, is needed to determine wave speeds.
Anisotropy
For crystalline solids with a symmetry lower than cubic the bulk modulus isn't the same in all directions and needs to be described with a tensor with more than one independent value. It is possible to study the tensor elements using
powder diffraction under applied pressure.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Bulk Modulus'.
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